Compare and contract political pathologies

Compare and contract political pathologies
Compare and contrast the intelligence pathologies revealed by the Church Committee investigations with those contributing to the 9-11 disaster and the Iraq WMD assessment. What do the respective abuses/failures of these eras tell us about which intelligence pathologies are most intractable, and which appear to me more a function of the post-Cold War threat environment? 2,800-3,00 words.

Topic: Compare and contrast the intelligence pathologies revealed by the Church Committee investigations with those contributing to the 9-11 disaster and the Iraq WMD assessment. What do the respective abuses/failures of these eras tell us about which intelligence pathologies are most intractable, and which appear to me more a function of the post-Cold War threat environment?

Potential Pathologies? Red Tape; Conflict; Imperialism; Duplicity; Waste; Information Sharing (technical term?); Expectancy violation theory (collectivism, high-context communication patterns (Save face type behavior)

The three primary agencies include CIA, FBI and NSA

Bureaucratic Pathology: Refers to infighting and excessively rigid adherence to bureaucratic rules and hierarchy that stifles any new thinking on why a bureaucracy is behaving as it does. This is a dysfunctional and counterproductive aspect of bureaucracy that comes from very formal processes that bureaucracies may have, and which tends to emphasize processes over content (Bhatta, 2006, p. 70).
Bureaucratic inertia: A situation where a bureaucracy is not able to respond to any developments in its external involvement, and is neither able to effectively nor efficiently fulfill its mandate (Bhatta, 2006, p. 70).

Pathologies (Wilson, 2012, p. 298)
Red Tape: Complex rules (sometimes conflicting rules) and procedures among agencies that must be followed to get something completed.
Conflict: Agencies work at cross-purposes.
Duplication: Two or more agencies seem to do the same thing.
Imperialism: The tendency of agencies to grow, irrespective of benefits and costs of programs.
Waste: Spending more than is necessary to buy some product or service.
Bureaucratic problems exist due to nature of government: (Wilson, 2012, p. 299)
1. Need to satisfy legal/political requirements
2. Inconsistent goals of Congress
3. Vague, difficult goals make judging attainment nearly impossible
4. Solutions might cause even worse problems; too many controls and too little autonomy (Wilson, 2012, pp. 298-299)

“No category of activity by the intelligence community has drawn such keen attention and public backlash in the United States since the Church Committee reports of 1976” (Hurley, 2012, n.p.).

Expectancy Violation…saving face
Collectivism value refers to the tendencies of a culture to emphasize the importance of a group’s identity (Ting-Toomey, 1994, p.361).
The concept of “saving face” is typically found in collectivistic cultures (Ting-Toomey, 1994, p. 362).
References
Betts, R. K. (2007). Enemies of Intelligence: Knowledge and Power in American National Security. New York: Columbia University.
Bhatta, G. (2006). International Dictionary of Public Management and Governance. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.
(http://books.google.com/books?id=jhzvd391spIC&pg=PA22&lpg=PA22&dq=intelligence+pathologies+revealed+by+the+Church+Committee&source=bl&ots=YFRotKYnIC&sig=c4wSd7NyRG_uWHt2sfk_t7cw2Rc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=62nTUOXJGezH0AGx3IC4DQ&sqi=2&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=intelligence%20pathologies%20revealed%20by%20the%20Church%20Committee&f=false)
Hurley, M. M. (2012). For and from Cyberspace: Conceptualizing Cyber Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance. Air & Space Power Journal, 26(6), 12-33. Retrieved XXX, from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1210665065/13B244D060E1400B65F/2?accountid=136858
Jervis, R. (2006, February). Reports, Politics, and Intelligence Failures: The Case of Iraq. The Journal of Strategic Studies, 29, 3-52. Retrieved XXX, from http://www.neuroscience-arena.com/journals/pdf/papers/fjss_lr_3-52.pdf
Martin, K. (2004, Winter-Spring). Domestic Intelligence and Civil Liberties. SAIS Review, 24, 7-21.
S. Rep. No. 107-351. (2002). Joint Inquiry into Intelligence Community Activities Before and After the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001. Retrieved XXX, from http://intelligence.senate.gov/107351.pdf
Shenon, P. (2008). The Commission: The Uncensored History of the 9/11 Investigation. New York: Twelve.
Ting-Toomey, S. (1994). Managing Intercultural Conflicts Effectively. In L. Samovar, Intercultural Communication: A Reader (7th ed., pp. 360-371). Belmont: Wadsworth.
Wilson, J. Q. (2012). American Government: Brief Version (10th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth.
Zegart, A. (2005, Spring). September 11 and the Adaptation Failure of U.S. Intelligence Agencies. International Security, 29, 78-111.
Zegart, A. (2007). Spying Blind: The CIA, the FBI, and the Origins of 9/11. Princeton: Princeton University.
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