Peer Review

    Replies should each be at least 150+ words each
    Replies should each be supported by at least 1 new scholarly source and 2 citations -no booksonly articles
    Replies should be respectful
    Replies should advance the conversation

Post #1
Systems Theory
Systems theory originated in the natural sciences in attempts to understand sets of objects, the relationships between those objects, and the relationship between sets of objects and their environments. The systems theory of organization has become highly popular. It has provided organizations with a valuable tool for isolating, describing, and relating variables of organizational behavior (Almaney, 1974). The systems theory views any organization not as an isolated phenomenon, but rather as a total and dynamic process. (Almaney, 1974).  In other words, the system theory in is based on the idea that everything is interrelated and interdependent.
Stakeholder Theory
Stakeholder theory helps scholars and managers understand relationships between firms and their stakeholders, as well as some of the performance outcomes of these relationships. Stakeholdertheory considers the performance consequences for firms of highly ethical relationships with stakeholders, characterized by high levels of trust, cooperation, and information sharing. Research suggests performance benefits (Jones, Harrison, & Felps, 2018). Some critics, such as political philosopher Charles Blattberg, say stakeholder theory is problematic, claiming that the interests of various stakeholders cannot be balanced against each other. This is because stakeholders represent such a large and diverse group. Every stakeholder cannot be pleased.  One or more stakeholders will have to take a backseat to other, more dominant ones, which is likely to create discord. This will disrupt the benefits associated with stakeholder theory. Also, who will wield the most influence? Some stakeholders might find that they are not impacting decisions as much as another group. The different power levels and spheres of influence can be a problem. Even those with seemingly more influence might not feel that they are getting what they want (Higgins & Kavanagh, 2011).

Post #2
Two important theories would be given emphasis for this week’s discussion: systems theory and stakeholder theory. These are important in the business perspective because of how they are oriented toward improving the business process through a focus-driven approach that is oriented toward streamlined efforts (Evans et al., 2017). Hence, it is important to explore each theory and how it can influence the drive in the business organization context.
Systems theory, as noted by Abdelkafi and Tuscher (2016), focuses on the interaction of the organization as a whole with the market or industry in which the organization is part. It emphasizes on the role of the organization being an open system where the environment continues to adapt and improve. Moreover, it also focuses on the notion that the interconnected and interdependent value of the organization is noted in the process, wherein there is a continuous adjustment being designed to promote depth where noted.
The stakeholder theory, as noted by Jones, Harrison, and Felps (2018) is anchored on sustainable competitive advantage, because of the role that the stakeholder theory would hold on shaping and addressing business ethics and managing the stakeholder involvement in the organization. This theory supports the mechanism of how stakeholders are vital for the successful outcome of the organization. With the emphasis on promoting competitive advantage, such perspective is aligned with the emphasis of supported financial benefits that would ensure continuous support at hand. The value of upholding the stakeholder theory is duly noted in the premise of promoting stable outcomes where noted, which would then be duly supported by the fact that productivity would improve. Employees, for instance, are stakeholders, and their value should be noted in the process of improving the overall organizational perspective. When these measures are continuously met, then overall stability is promoted in the process, which can then ensure continuous, sustainable development.

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